First, the biological characteristics Maple leaf is a deciduous tree of eucalyptus is a deciduous tree, the crown is almost round or umbrella-shaped, leaves opposite, the leaves are bright red or purple, slightly green in summer, the entire posture is beautiful, It is one of the varieties of red leaves in the garden. Red Maple grows in a cool and humid environment with abundant rainfall and high temperature. It can be widely planted in northwestern China and the Yangtze River basin. The cultivation site requires deep acidic mountains or red and yellow loam soils, which is resistant to drought and drought. The saplings are shaded, and if they are exposed to high temperatures and light, the leaves and bark easily produce a "sunburning" phenomenon. Flowering from April to May, the winged nuts mature from September to October. Second, the Breeding of Qingfeng Qingfeng is the collective name of the bald-early-armed, color-leafed, green-pressed, and mao-indicated weapons in the tree. It can be used as the rootstock of red maple. In late October, when the seeds of the green maples mature, they are harvested in time, and the seeds are harvested. Sowing should be sowed in a loose, breathable sand loam seed bed, covered with a layer of fine soil or coke ash, to cover the seed for the degree, after the completion of sowing water, in the seedbed set arch bamboo scaffolding cover plastic film (also Can cover weeds) moisturize, in order to advance the emergence time and increase the emergence rate. The seedlings were exhumed in the second and third year of the year, and one or two fermented, lighter human excreta or urea were sprayed. One month later, it was promptly moved to a nursery. When transplanting, the main roots of the seedlings were cut and transplanted at a spacing of 3030 cm. In the second half of the planting period, thin fertilizers were used instead of water to promote their growth. Red maple is commonly used as a rootstock for two-year-old Qingfeng, and grafting is appropriate for spring-2-4 months. For example, if the green maple that was born that year is more than 50 cm and the ground diameter is 0.5-0.8 cm, it can also be grafted in the autumn of that year. When grafting, the full-grown, robust and full-grown one-year-old shoots of the red-female parent tree canopy are selected as scions, and grafting can be carried out by various methods such as abdomen jointing, cutting, splicing, and bud grafting. The height of the rootstock cut-off site should be 4-5cm above the ground. It is worth noting that the formation layer of the scion and rootstock must have at least one side of the mouth anastomosis, and the plastic tape with a width of 1cm must be used from the bottom of the interface in time. Bundle tightly, tightly combine the ear anvil, and put on a small thin plastic bag to prevent dehydration and dryness. After grafting, timely and frequent inspections should be conducted. The scion should be dry and the joints can be patched on the other side of the original grafting site. The spring connection can be checked 15-20 days later and the autumn connection is checked about 30 days. When the scion survives, , must cut off the sprouts sprouting on the rootstock. Due to the weak growth of the red maple buds after germination, bamboo sticks should be inserted to help windbreaks. After completing the above work, we must also pay attention to the following points: 1. Fertilization to promote the rapid growth of grafted seedlings requires timely fertilization. In March-April, with the application of hydrogen fertilizer, the ratio of hydrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was 6:1:3, and the principles of thin-fertilizer application were applied to spread or water once every 7-10 days. In May-August, it was mainly based on the maturity of the pigs. To increase the organic content of the soil. Beginning in October, it is advisable to apply decomposed vegetable cakes, oil cakes, bean cakes or compound fertilizers. The ratio of phosphorus and potassium is 2:3:5. 2, a reasonable planting density When the seedlings grow to a certain time, the need to adjust the planting density, so that the seedlings to maximize the photosynthesis. The general stem diameter is less than 1 cm, the row spacing is 0.8 meters and 1.0 meter, and the row spacing of 1-2 cm stem diameter is 1.2 meters and 1.1 meters. When transplanting, the saplings need to be trimmed first, the roots removed, some long fine roots and leggy branches. Seedlings 2 cm thick and above are required to bring mudballs when transplanting. 3. Manage soil in other areas: For soils with large sand and poor drought-resistance capacity, sticky soil with heavy viscosity and soil miscellaneous fertilizer with mildew should be cultivated; for sticky soil, apply more organic fertilizer, and add sand-based soil appropriately. Adjust viscosity. For a nursery site that is easy to collect water, a drainage ditch with a depth of about 50 cm should be drilled to keep the groundwater level below the root. Weeding and weeding: Red maple seedlings are easily covered by weeds, so manual weeding is often required around seedlings. Seedlings planted after 2 years can be weeded with drugs such as glyphosate. 4. Pest control hazards There are three types of pests of red maple. Underground pests such as cockroaches, cockroaches and other bite seedling roots and base stems, can easily cause seedlings dead. Can use 50% Can of phoxim or 1000 times Los Herb, pour root or mix with fine soil. Invading leaf and leaf pests such as beetles, moths, locusts, etc., often eat red maple leaves, resulting in poor growth of seedlings, the need to use avermectin, catching crickets, omethoate 800-1000 times spray. Dry stem pests such as chinchillas, pupa bugs, etc., damage red maple stems, cause the death of red maple seedlings, or even the death of the whole plant. They must be sprayed with 2,000-3,000 times of chrysanthemum, green kungfu, etc., or on insect crossings. The branches were injected with pesticides such as methamidophos and dichlorvos and sealed with sticky mud.
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